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The Risk Factors of Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis
Muhammad Hayun,
Ema Alasiry,
Dasril Daud,
Dwi Bahagia Febriani,
Djauhariah Madjid
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
78-82
Received:
24 March 2015
Accepted:
7 April 2015
Published:
17 April 2015
Abstract: Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in newborn. Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is a severe disease and has high mortality rate. The clinical signs of EONS are nonspecific and the confirmation of diagnosis may consuming time. Therefore, the diagnostic approach is necessary by considering the risk factors. Objective: The aims of this study are to identify the risk factors of newborn infants whose mother has risk factors of sepsis affecting the occurrence of EONS. Methods: This is a cohort retrospective study, conducted from January 2013 to June 2014 in Neonatology Installation of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospital, Makassar. The sample population included newborn infants whose mother has risk factors of sepsis. The information of the risk factors from infant and diagnoses of EONS was obtained from their medical record. Multivariate analysis and logistic regression formula were performed to predict the occurrence of EONS. There were 221 samples: 62 cases of EONS and 159 of control. Results: The results of multivariate analysis revealed 3 risk factors from infant which were associated to EONS: APGAR score <7 (p= 0.000, AOR 14.05 with 95% CI 5.48-35.98), gestational age <37 week (p= 0.000, AOR 13.45 with 95% CI 3.91-46.26), birth weight <1500 gram (p= 0.04, AOR 4.9 with 95% CI 1.08-22.25). Conclusion: Based on this study, it concluded that the risk factors of EOS were: APGAR score, gestational age and birth weight.
Abstract: Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in newborn. Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is a severe disease and has high mortality rate. The clinical signs of EONS are nonspecific and the confirmation of diagnosis may consuming time. Therefore, the diagnostic approach is necessary by considering the risk f...
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Multiple Sclerosis: Effect of Oral Administration of an Antioxidant Dietary Supplement in C57BL6/N Induced Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Torricelli Piera,
Antonelli Francesco,
Ferorelli Pasquale,
De Martino Angelo,
Shevchenko Anna,
Beninati Simone
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
83-87
Received:
26 March 2015
Accepted:
9 April 2015
Published:
18 April 2015
Abstract: In the pathogenesis of demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS) an important role is played by oxidative stress. Increased energy requirements during remyelination of axons and mitochondria failure is one of the causes of axonal degeneration and disability in MS. In the presence of neurological diseases such as MS, F2-isoprostanes are concentrated in higher quantities. In this context, we analyzed the levels of F2-isoprostanes in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of mice of the strain C57BL6/N with an induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), orally treated with two concentrations of Citozym, a dietary supplement with evident antioxidant properties. Compared to the control group, Citozym-treated EAE-mouse had significantly lower levels of F2-isoprostanes both in plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, according to the guidelines of IACUC, treatment with Citozym at higher concentrations drastically reduced neurological signs of induced EAE.
Abstract: In the pathogenesis of demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS) an important role is played by oxidative stress. Increased energy requirements during remyelination of axons and mitochondria failure is one of the causes of axonal degeneration and disability in MS. In the presence of neurological diseases such as MS, F2-isoprostanes a...
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Relationship Between Severity Levels of Diseases in Children with Maternal Anxiety at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Imelda,
Martira Maddeppungeng,
Idham Jaya Ganda,
Dasril Daud
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
94-98
Received:
7 April 2015
Accepted:
16 April 2015
Published:
24 April 2015
Abstract: Background: PICU (pediatric intensive care unit) is child care units that require intensive surveillance and invasive action. A state of anxious disorder is characterized by feelings of fear which accompanied by somatic complaints shown with hyperactivities of autonomic nervous system and non-specific symptom and normal emotion. Objective: This study identified the factors associated with the occurrence of anxiety in mothers whose child was treated in a PICU suffered degrees of severity of disease. Methods: A cross-sectional studies have been conducted since April to September 2014 at Dr .Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. Samples were children aged 1 month to 18 years old who experienced the severity of the disease based on the PRISM III scores treated at PICU. Results: Of the 151 samples of children, there were 88 male and 63 female. Bivariate analyzes mothers who have children with PRISM III score ≥15 had a greater occurrence frequency of severe anxiety disorders compared with mothers whose children have PRISM III score <15, with a value of p= 0.000 (p<0.01). There is a correlation between the PRISM III scores in children with maternal HARS scores, which is a higher PRISM III score will also make the HARS scores higher with p<0.001, correlation value of 0.296. Conclusion: There is a correlation between PRISM III score in children and the score of HARS in the mother, which is the highest of PRISM III score, the HARS score will also be higher.
Abstract: Background: PICU (pediatric intensive care unit) is child care units that require intensive surveillance and invasive action. A state of anxious disorder is characterized by feelings of fear which accompanied by somatic complaints shown with hyperactivities of autonomic nervous system and non-specific symptom and normal emotion. Objective: This stu...
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Profile of mRNA Expression of IL-6 and IL-10 in Breast Cancer Patients with or Without Chemotherapy
Victor Pontoh,
Daniel Sampepajung,
Andi Asadul Islam,
Mochammad Hatta
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
99-104
Received:
31 March 2015
Accepted:
25 April 2015
Published:
11 May 2015
Abstract: ackground: Breast cancer is a type of cancer that has a high prevalence, can occur in men and women. Cytokines are factors that are known to have good properties of tumor growth and tumor inhibitory effects. Cytokine has an important role in the control of the immune system. Development of breast carcinoma is closely related to mRNA expression of IL-6 as pro-inflammatory cytokine and mRNA expression of IL-10 as anti-inflammatory cytokine. Purpose: Examine changes in mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokine and anti-inflammatory cytokine in breast cancer patients with or without chemotherapy. Method: This is a case-control study, 12 subjects with breast cancer with chemotherapy as case group and 12 subjects with breast cancer without chemotherapy as control group. In this study we using PCR and RFLP techniques to detect polymorphisms in IL-6 and IL-10 gene. Results: In RFLP analysis, found that IL-6 and IL-10 gene were not polymorphic in all subjects for both case and control groups. Mean value of IL-6 mRNA on breast cancer patients without receiving chemotheraphy was 10.84±0.48 whereas on breast cancer patients with chemotherapy was 6.28±1.19. Mean value of IL-10 mRNA on breast cancer patients without receiving chemotheraphy was 6.76±0.81 whereas on breast cancer patients with chemotherapy was 9.81±1.07. The mean value of IL-6 mRNA on breast cancer patients without receiving chemotheraphy was statistically significant higher than in patients with chemotheraphy. In contrast, mean value of IL-10 mRNA on breast cancer patients without receiving chemotheraphy was statistically significant lower than in patients with chemotherapy. Conclusion: Combination of chemotherapy docetaxel, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide cause a decrease in mRNA expression of IL-6 and an increase in the expression of mRNA of IL-10 in patients with breast cancer.
Abstract: ackground: Breast cancer is a type of cancer that has a high prevalence, can occur in men and women. Cytokines are factors that are known to have good properties of tumor growth and tumor inhibitory effects. Cytokine has an important role in the control of the immune system. Development of breast carcinoma is closely related to mRNA expression of I...
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Serum Lipocalin 2 Levels in Acute Exercised Prediabetic Rat Model in Comparison to Normal Healthy Control
Rania Reafaat Abdelkader Atia,
Khaled Abdelfattah Abdelhamid Abulfadle
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
105-109
Received:
24 April 2015
Accepted:
4 May 2015
Published:
13 May 2015
Abstract: Background: Excess caloric intake expands adipose tissue resulting in a higher risk of metabolic disease. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is an adipokine having a role in innate immunity and energy metabolism. It is an acute phase protein that was recently correlated with potential effects on obesity and inflammation. The reaction of this protein to progressive exercise in animals has limited studies. Exercise encourages weight loss and improves insulin sympathy. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating its beneficial effects are not fully understood. Obesity associates with increased production of inflammatory cytokines, which in turn, subsidizes to systemic insulin resistance. LCN2 has been shown to have a significant association with body mass index (BMI). However, only few of the LCN2-related studies have investigated whether LCN2 constitutes a causal factor of the metabolic conditions in animals. One of the best strategies to prevent obesity and its associated inflammation is participation in regular physical activity. Objective: This study was designed to test the hypothesis that exercise mitigates this inflammatory response, thereby improving insulin sensitivity, we tested whether there is an insulin-sensitizing effect of exercise is associated with related changes in circulating LCN2 levels in rats. Design: A total number of 24 adult healthy male albino rats were used. Rats were divided into three groups: group I (control, C), group II (model of pre-diabetic obese rats without exercise, PD) and group III (model of pre-diabetic obese rats with acute voluntary exercise, PDE). Results: This study revealed that after a 2 days acute exercise program, insulin sensitivity was improved, as indicated by a significant decrease in serum insulin (1.98±0.04), serum glucose (121.75±2.85) and Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR) (0.59±0.02) in PDE in comparison to corresponding values in PD group (3.94±0.08), (159±1.49) and (1.44±0.11) respectively. Also, Serum LCN2 concentrations were significantly decreased (62.88±1.79) in PDE group in comparison to PD group (94.75±3.36). Conclusion: We concluded that exercise has an insulin sensitizing effect in the pre-diabetic stage and its mechanism could involve a reduction in LCN2 levels in exercise-trained group.
Abstract: Background: Excess caloric intake expands adipose tissue resulting in a higher risk of metabolic disease. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is an adipokine having a role in innate immunity and energy metabolism. It is an acute phase protein that was recently correlated with potential effects on obesity and inflammation. The reaction of this protein to progressive...
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Study of the Validity of Neutrophil CD64 and Serum Procalcitonin as Diagnostic Markers to Discriminate Infection from Disease Activity in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Ahmed Ragheb,
Ahmed A. Sonbol
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
110-117
Received:
21 April 2015
Accepted:
27 April 2015
Published:
13 May 2015
Abstract: Introduction: In addition to the complexity of the clinical presentation of both infections and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, the difficulty in making the therapeutic decision require investigations that should be of diagnostic value. Neutrophil CD64 is up regulated within few hours in patients with infection. Similarly, serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels increase rapidly following bacterial infection. Objective: The aim of this work is to study the usefulness of neutrophil CD64 expression and serum PCT as diagnostic markers to discriminate infection from disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods: This study was carried on 20 healthy females as controls (group I) and 55 female patients with SLE. Patients were distributed as following; 20 SLE patients without activity or infections (group II), 20 SLE patients with lupus activity (group III), and 15 SLE patients with infection (group IV). CBC, ANA, Anti-ds DNA, C3 and C4 were measured in all population. Serum PCT was measured by ELFA and neutrophil CD64 expression was done by flowcytometry. Results: Neutrophil CD64 expression and serum PCT levels were increased significantly in SLE patients with infection compared to those with disease activity. We demonstrated significant correlations between CD64 and markers of both activity and infection, while serum PCT levels were significantly correlated with markers of infection. The area under the ROC curves for detection of infection (AUC; 95% CI) for neutrophil CD64 expression and serum PCT were (0.90; 0.79-1.01) and (0.99; 0.95-1.01), respectively. Conclusion: Our findings can prove that both neutrophil CD64 and serum PCT are reliable markers to discriminate infection from disease activity in SLE patients. Serum PCT was more accurate than neutrophil CD64 expression.
Abstract: Introduction: In addition to the complexity of the clinical presentation of both infections and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, the difficulty in making the therapeutic decision require investigations that should be of diagnostic value. Neutrophil CD64 is up regulated within few hours in patients with infection. Sim...
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Antimicrobial Activity of Lippia adoensis var. koseret Against Human Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi
Gemechu Ameya Buli,
Abdella Gure Duga,
Engda Dessalegn
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
118-123
Received:
29 March 2015
Accepted:
12 April 2015
Published:
19 May 2015
Abstract: Background: Lippia adoensis var. koseret is a well known medicinal plant endemic to Ethiopia. It has been traditionally used to treat different infectious diseases and also in food preparation as condiment. The aim of the current study was to evaluate antibacterial and antifungal activities of water, ethanol and methanol based crude extracts of L. adoensis var. koseret against selected human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Methods: Crude extracts of L. adoensis var. koseret were extracted by maceration method. Disc diffusion assay of the extracts were carried out in four different concentrations against three different bacteria species (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli) and two clinical isolated fungal species (Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus) by using Kirby- Baur disk diffusion method. Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, the minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations of the extracts against similar microorganisms. Results: Water-based extract of L. adoensis var. koseret exhibited significantly less antimicrobial activity as compared to ethanol and methanol crude extract against tested isolates of bacteria and fungi (P < 0.05); while, there was no significant difference between ethanol and methanol extracts. Among the tested microorganism S. aureus, was the most sensitive of all whereas C. albicans was the most resistant microorganism to alcohol based extract of L. adoensis var. koseret. The minimum inhibitory concentration of L. adoensis var. koseret ranged from 3.12 to 25mg/ml in the alcohol based extracts but it was higher in the water-based extract. The lower bactericidal concentration (5.20 mg/l) and the highest fungicidal concentration (37.50 mg/ml) were observed in methanol based extracts against S. aureus and C. albicans, respectively. Conclusions: Antimicrobial activity of L. adoensis var. koseret varies with extraction solvent and tested microorganisms.
Abstract: Background: Lippia adoensis var. koseret is a well known medicinal plant endemic to Ethiopia. It has been traditionally used to treat different infectious diseases and also in food preparation as condiment. The aim of the current study was to evaluate antibacterial and antifungal activities of water, ethanol and methanol based crude extracts of L. ...
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Age as a Risk Factor of Relapse Occurrence in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-L1 (All-L1) in Children
Yulianty Mochtar,
Nadirah Rasyid Ridha,
Dasril Daud
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
124-127
Received:
23 April 2015
Accepted:
6 May 2015
Published:
21 May 2015
Abstract: Introduction: Relapse in children with leukemia is a phase appearing the leukemia cells after complete remission; this situation can impact the children itself, parents and also the support system. Objective: To identify the factors related of relapse incidence in children with leukemia. Methods: This study was conducted by using a retrospective cohort study design based on medical record data from Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar from December 2013 until August 2014. Study samples were children of 0 month – 18 years old diagnosed of having Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-L1. They are treated with chemotherapy and divided into relapse and non-relapse samples. Results: From 42 relapse and non-relapse samples, there were 35.7% (15) relapse samples and 64.3% (27) non relapse samples. Bivariate analyses revealed that among 1-10 year, there were 31.4% (11) with relapse and 68.6% (24) without relapse. Among the samples aged more than 10 years old, there were 57.1% (4) samples with relapse and 42.9% (3) samples without relapse, with p=0.225 (p>0.05). In terms of interval time from first diagnosis until the occurrence of relapse, the median value was 1.80 in 1-10 year-old group. In the group of >10 years old, the median value was 0.84 and p=0.207 (p>0.05). Conclusion: Age did not give any influence in the incidence of relapse in children with ALL-L1 and the interval time when the first diagnosed until relapse.
Abstract: Introduction: Relapse in children with leukemia is a phase appearing the leukemia cells after complete remission; this situation can impact the children itself, parents and also the support system. Objective: To identify the factors related of relapse incidence in children with leukemia. Methods: This study was conducted by using a retrospective co...
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Interaction of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Blood Serum of Patients with Bronchial Asthma and Myasthenia Gravis
Elena Arkhipova,
Irina Alchinova,
Alexander Sanadze,
Leonid Goldenberg,
Mikhail Karganov
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
128-132
Received:
6 May 2015
Accepted:
13 May 2015
Published:
26 May 2015
Abstract: The interest to nanoobjects is mainly attracted by the fact that their properties (and also biological in particular interest to the project) differ drastically from the properties of either bulk material or constituent molecules. The fundamental task is correlation between structure of the nanoparticles and their interaction with surrounding media. The aim of project is a study of interaction of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and blood serum of patients with verified myasthenia and allergy. Laser correlation spectroscopy (LCS) allows fast and easy hydrodynamic diameter determination in a broad range from nanometer to hundred micrometers, which is an advantage in comparison to other technique for a mixture of nano and microobjects of very different sizes, which constitutes biological liquids. LCS measurement of titanium dioxide nanoparticles specimen showed that main part of light scattering is due to particles with radial size 4.64-8.42 nm. LCS and other physical methods measurement data are coincided. Comparison of LC-histograms of blood serum revealed increased contribution of 4.64 -15.28 nm particles into light scattering in bronchial asthma patients and 404.65 – 1794.35 nm particles in myasthenia gravis patients. Interaction between titanium dioxide nanoparticles, stabilized by phosphoric acid, and blood serum results to albumin- and globulin-containing complexes formation and precipitation. Interaction between titanium dioxide nanoparticles, stabilized by phosphoric acid, and blood serum results to albumin- and globulin-containing complexes formation and precipitation. Interaction between titanium dioxide nanoparticles and myasthenia patients blood serum results to removing of considerable part (40%) of circulating immune complexes. TiO2 nanoparticles under interaction with asthma patients blood serum form complexes with small size proteins. LCS analysis confirmed removal of particles corresponding by their size to the major serum proteins and redistribution towards larger particles presented by glycolipids, glycoproteins, and antigen-antibody complexes.
Abstract: The interest to nanoobjects is mainly attracted by the fact that their properties (and also biological in particular interest to the project) differ drastically from the properties of either bulk material or constituent molecules. The fundamental task is correlation between structure of the nanoparticles and their interaction with surrounding media...
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