Changes in Inner Ear Structure and Function after Drill - Induced Acoustic Trauma
Fahd Alharbi,
Mohammed Rifaat Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, September 2014
Pages:
90-96
Received:
29 August 2014
Accepted:
15 September 2014
Published:
30 September 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140205.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Background: drilling on the intact ossicular chain produce acoustic trauma resulting in inner ear structure damage, these changes occurred in organ of corti with disruption of cytoarchitecture and cellular degeneration. Objective: To evaluate the changes in inner ear structure and function after drill - induced acoustic trauma in guinea pigs by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Otoacoustic emission (OAE). Methods and Material: An experimental study conducted on healthy pigmented guinea pigs in Otolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery Department at Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results: Thirty guinea pigs were divided into a control group (N) to document the baseline Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) and the normal scanning electron microscopic (SEM) morphology of the inner ear, Drill induced acoustic trauma group (D) to evaluate the effect of induced sensorineural hearing loss using micromotor drill (20,000rpm) maximum speed against the body of incus and 2weeks postoperative group (2W) to evaluate to the effect of spontaneous recovery after 2 weeks from induced sensorineural hearing loss which showed spontaneous although incomplete recovery of the DPOAEs amplitudes and SEM morphology with scar tissue replacing the damaged outer hair cells. Conclusion: Avoid touching ossicular chain when using high speed drill during ear surgery as this may cause structural and functional damage to the inner ear. Spontaneous recovery could be occurs after acoustic trauma but incomplete recovery with permanent scar formation in outer hair cells may occur.
Abstract: Background: drilling on the intact ossicular chain produce acoustic trauma resulting in inner ear structure damage, these changes occurred in organ of corti with disruption of cytoarchitecture and cellular degeneration. Objective: To evaluate the changes in inner ear structure and function after drill - induced acoustic trauma in guinea pigs by Sca...
Show More
Sanitary Biosecurity Test against Hospital Acquired Fungal Infections: The Role of Hemolymph from the Cochineal Insect
Fernando Garía-Gil De Muñoz,
Ignacio Del Río-Dueñas,
Rodrigo Ramos-Zúñiga,
Fidel Hernández-Hernández,
H. Raúl. Pérez-Gómez,
Ana Macías-Ornelas,
Ramiro López-Elizalde
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, September 2014
Pages:
97-102
Received:
3 September 2014
Accepted:
19 September 2014
Published:
30 September 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140205.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Background: Fungal infections are significant risk factors for nosocomial infections. They are associated with environmental spores and they are potential colonizers in hospital infrastructure, instruments or specific vectors. Usually they are identified by means of microbiology and culture media for definitive diagnosis. The objective is to evaluate the usefulness of the application of a colorimetric assay that originates from an endemic insect in Mexico (Dactilopius Coccus costa); It implies a specific qualitative biochemical reaction. It is also available to be used as a quick field test in health control. Design: Prospective, transversal, descriptive, randomized sampling with control reference test. Methods: A transversal randomized sampling from surfaces, materials, solutions and organic-sanitary waste from different known risk areas in a hospital institution with a large number of patients. Samples were processed using the qualitative test, examined by colorimetric evaluations and compared with positive controls (zymosan and aspergillus spores). Results: Samples showed no evidence of fungal colonization, unlike controls, which resulted positive. The resulting sensitivity was 100%. Conclusions: First qualitative pilot test to be used in the health care field, which proved to be useful for the monitoring and timely detection of fungi of biomedical interest. The method is practical. This essay validates the potential use of a quick qualitative test for preventive control of fungal infections in hospitals.
Abstract: Background: Fungal infections are significant risk factors for nosocomial infections. They are associated with environmental spores and they are potential colonizers in hospital infrastructure, instruments or specific vectors. Usually they are identified by means of microbiology and culture media for definitive diagnosis. The objective is to evalua...
Show More
The Significance of Fas/Fasl Expression in Celiac Disease, Non-Specific Duedonitis and in Duedonum Biopsies Showing Increase in Intraepithelial Lymphocytes
Nurdan Tatar,
Serdar Yanık,
Ayse Neslin Akkoca,
Zeynep Tugba Ozdemir,
Mustafa Calıskan,
Didem Sozutek,
Pınar Atasoy
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, September 2014
Pages:
106-116
Received:
26 September 2014
Accepted:
9 October 2014
Published:
20 October 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140205.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Aim: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic malabsorbtion disease of the small bowel. With a prevelance of about %1 it is a common disease in the community. FAS-FASL system which induces apopitosis is one of the most important pathways and responsible fort he development of mucosal atrophy in CD. The aim of this study is to investigate the patients who has the increase of intraepithelial lymphocytes (İEL) in duedonal mucosa and non specific duedonitis (NSD) and significance of FAS-FASL expression in these patients to distinct from CD.Materials and methods: 29 adults and 7 children celiac patients (with a preliminary diagnosis as iron deficiency anemia) and 17 adults and 6 children non-specific duedonitis patients included in the study. CD3, CD8, FAS and FASL expression were examined immunohistochemically from sections prepared from paraffin blocks in 28 adults and 7 children with normal duedonal mucosa and 24 adults and 6 children who has the increase of İEL in duedonum.Results: İn all groups; the number of İEL seen much more with CD3 in HE (hematoxylin eosin) sections . Again in all groups it is determined that majority of İEL expresses CD3 and CD8. Both in adult and children group; in surface and crypt enterosits in İEL ; the highest FAS expression was seen in enterosits and lamina propria cells in CD .More expression was determined in patients with the group who has İEL in duedonum and with NSD when compared to control group. FASL expression is increased in CD in comparison with normal but it was low in the group who has İEL in duedonum and NSD group. We found that FAS-FASL expression is not only an effective mechanism in pathogenesis of CD. We suggest that the functional significance of FAS expression should be investigated by methods of evaluating apopitosis in patients with İELAG and NSD who has more FAS expression when compared to CD . Also in the detection of number of İEL in suspected cases routine use of CD3 immunohistochemical evaluation may be useful.
Abstract: Aim: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic malabsorbtion disease of the small bowel. With a prevelance of about %1 it is a common disease in the community. FAS-FASL system which induces apopitosis is one of the most important pathways and responsible fort he development of mucosal atrophy in CD. The aim of this study is to investigate the patients who h...
Show More
